In this paper, we propose a numerical scheme for the solution of fractional Fredholm integro-differential equation. The proposed method employs the Mamadu-Njoseh polynomials (MNPs) as basis functions via the least squares method (LSM) resulting to n systems of linear equations. Solving the resulting equations shows that the method is accurate, effective and converges absolutely. The convergence analysis is also presented. All computational procedures were carried out using MAPLE 18 software.

This study was carried out to determine the body measurements of Turkish Kangal (Karabash) Shepherd Dogs raised in Belgium, France, Germany and Slovenia comparing them with certain other breeds from different countries. To this end, a total of 39 (18 male and 21 female) dogs were analyzed with the Minitab 15 statistical software program using ANOVA and Student’s T-Test. Descriptive statistics were for live weight 50.5 ± 0.83 kg, height at shoulder 76.8 ± 0.50 cm, height at rump 76.1 ± 0.55 cm, body length 67.3 ± 0.63 cm, chest width 21.7 ± 0.26 cm, limb length 43.1 ± 0.47 cm, head length 29.4 ± 0.25 cm and ear length 12.7 ± 0.16 cm respectively. The overall results of the study demonstrated that Turkish Kangal (Karabash) Shepherd Dogs raised in Belgium, France, Germany and Slovenia had a very close resemblance to dogs raised in the UK and USA, but that they were larger than the dogs raised in Turkey. In Europe the dogs reach mature body weight and size at around 2 years of age. The overall results of the current study revealed that the Turkish Kangal Dogs raised abroad were larger because of better life conditions.

To investigate dynamic relations between index returns and mutual fund flows in India and US, using index return data of last six years, VAR and Granger Causality tests have been used. The empirical evidence from VAR and Granger causality tests indicates that there seems to be a positive long-run relationship between stock returns and fund flows, and stock returns are likely to lead fund flows. The results are same for US and India context. Thus, investors are likely to move their money to the securities that yield higher returns, and the most important element explaining equity mutual fund flows seems to be security performance in the US market.

The aim of this study was to determine body coat colour and some morphological traits of Turkish Ayvacik horses used by smallholders in Canakkale Province. In this study 198 Ayvacik horses – 128 males and 70 females – were analyzed in three age groups of 4-6, 7-9, and 10-26 years respectively. Descriptive statistics gave the following means in centimetres: height at withers 126.1 ± 0.37, height at rump 125.4 ± 0.37, body length 133.4 ± 0.52, heart girth circumferences 151.4 ± 0.57, chest depth 56.6 ± 0.21, cannon circumferences 16.9 ± 0.07, head length 52.7 ± 0.19, and ear length 13.3 ± 0.09. In this study the frequencies of body coat colour among the sampled horses was for bay colour 63.1%, black 17.2%, gray 10.6%, chestnut 6.6%, Roan 1.1% and Buckskin 1.0%. It may thus be concluded that Turkish Ayvacik Horses are the smallest horse breed in Turkey. It may also be said that this breed became larger in size year by year because of crossbreeding with other breeds.

The first concept use of the term “entrepreneurship” relates to the seventeenth century in France, while the research on it has its beginnings with Schumpeter linking it with the innovativeness of business organizations. Entrepreneurial orientation as a concept is related with business organizations performing entrepreneurial actions and activities. Nowadays importance of entrepreneurial orientation research has increased due to its recognition as a critical success factor of business organizations. This study aims to provide a literature review on the relations between entrepreneurial orientation and business organizations and the impact that this orientation has as a performance promoter.

Wireless Sensor Networks have large number of sensor nodes that are deployed randomly in a given network field. An important issue in the sensor nodes is that the batteries in the sensor nodes have limited power. The energy consumption by the sensor nodes can be reduced to increase the network lifetime. An effective way is to split the nodes into small groups called clusters with a Cluster Head that gathers data from the sensor nodes within the cluster and aggregates/fuses them before transmitting to the base station. In this paper Energy Efficient Zone based Heterogeneous Clustering Protocol (EEZHCP) we have improved the lifetime of the network by dividing the network field into zones and effectively utilizing the heterogeneity of the nodes. Sensor nodes with three level energy heterogeneity are deployed in such a way that nodes with higher energy are deployed far away from the base station and nodes with lesser energy are placed closer to the base station. Comparing EEZHCP with SEP and Z-SEP has witnessed that there is 865.76% and 167.06% increase in the overall network lifetime. This protocol increases the network lifetime and outperforms FAIR, LEACH, and SEP.