Melaleuca alternifolia or commonly known as tea tree is a tall shrub or small tree in the plant genus Melaleuca. It is popular for its oil, which is tea tree oil where it has been employed largely in various industries of its antimicrobial properties. Research works are still ongoing mainly focusing on the tea tree oil properties, ultimately almost none of them investigating on the residue which is the leaves. Environmental issues become the world major concern, which create awareness among industrial player to turn back to natural fibre in producing products. In recent time, productions of composites from agro waste have received considerable attention. This paper aims to rationalize the potential of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) leaves as a new source of natural fibres or material in order to become the potential filler or reinforcer in the development of a new biocomposite.

The joint vibration of reconstructed detail with surface coat on it is considered in this article. Assuming that the considered construction is elastic and thin-walled, the behaviour of this construction is modeled by the behavior of the two-layered elastic thin-walled beam. It was shown that at the largest values of frequencies of driving normal loading, the profile of deflection may have some stationary points, which correspond to possible exfoliation in this places.

This research shows marketing factors such as business competitors could affect business market risk, from a quantitative point of view. Using a two (2) factors model, this research paper estimates the impacts of not only the size of firms’ competitors, but also leverage in the telecommunication and education industry, on the market risk of 18 listed companies in this category. \nThis paper founds out that the risk dispersion level in this sample study could be minimized in case the competitor size is approximately the same (measured by equity beta var of 0,283) and leverage down to 20%.\nBeside, the emprical research findings show us that when financial leverage increases up to 30%, max asset beta value decreases from 0,393 to 0,386 in case the size of competitor doubles or slightly smaller.\nLast but not least, this paper illustrates calculated results that might give proper recommendations to relevant governments and institutions in re-evaluating their policies during and after the financial crisis 2007-2011.

In this paper we combine double Laplace transform and modified variational iteration method to solve\nnew type of nonlinear partial differential equation called nonlinear convolution partial differential\nequations, it is possible to find the exact solutions or better approximate solutions of these equations. In\nthis method, a correction functional is constructed by a general Lagrange multiplier, which can be\nidentified via variational theory. This method is used for solving nonlinear convolution partial\ndifferential equations. The solutions obtained by this method show the accuracy and efficiency of the\nmethod.

High levels of nitrate in drinking water can cause methaemoglobinaemia, cancer, hypertension, infant mortality and birth defects. In Ethiopia, there is no comprehensive study that shows level of nitrate in the drinking water sources across the country. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the spatial variation of nitrate concentration in the drinking water sources nationally. The study was conducted using the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute water quality database from 1993 to 2007. The results in the study indicated that nitrate concentration in the water samples were varied from below 0.00mg/l to 1295.00mg/l throughout the country. The average nitrate concentration in the well water exceeding the WHO guideline was observed in Dire Dewa (104.8mg/l) and exceeding the threshold value were found in Somali (37.0 mg/l), Afar (34.9 mg/l), Harari (26.3 mg/l) and Addis Ababa Regions (20.5mg/l). In the rest region, it was below the threshold value of nitrate. Nitrate in the spring water was below the threshold value except Dire Dewa and Harari regions. Nationally, 15.3 % (n=186) of the wells, 10 % (n = 33) of the springs and 12.4 % (n=21) of the taps had nitrate concentration exceeding the threshold value of 20mg/l and 5.7 % (n = 70) of well water and 2.7 %( n = 9) of spring water samples had nitrate concentrations higher than 50mg/l. Water resources control management can be important at these areas and it needs to apply some actions to reduce or remove nitrate from drinking water.

According to the forest transition theory, in industrially developed countries economic development, civilization and agriculture industrialization can dictate the patterns of changes in forest coverage. It is now known that in 18 and 19 centuries, the primary economic and social development has caused an intense reduction in forest coverage. Following a rapid deforestation a slow increase in forest vegetation has been observed. This theory has been proved in many western countries and a few developing countries such as China. In these countries economical transition with the reduction of forest coverage has been taken about 1 to 2 century after which the deforestation has been stopped in last 2 to 3 decade in twenty century and after that, there was an increment in forest coverage. In this study we tried to express the change of the forest coverage according to the forest transition theory in a part of western forests of Iran. We estimated the rate of deforestation in a mature stand of oak (Quercus brantti Lindl.) using aerial photographs of this area in 1955 and 1990. The results obtained from this study indicate a relatively low rate of deforestation of 0.16 percent annually. The possibility that this low rate of deforestation is due to the forest transition is discussed.