The recent research faced many challenges declared in reality to make steganography undetectable and leave no requests in the minds of computer scientists who experience media records to extract extensive information. To achieve this aim, basic information should be buried so that there is no fundamental disparity between the main and destroyed images. Steganography and cryptography have their overall benefits, and negative marks, when consolidated appropriately, can give astounding security systems that are much more deprived as of now. In this study, the researchers employ a specific embedding approach that uses a hash function to encrypt data using the Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) and Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithms. The proposed Hash-LSB image approach is used to conceal information in the RGB pixels value of the cover picture in the form of 3, 3, and 2-bit order. According to the findings, the hash function determines where to hide the data bits. The use of the RSA algorithm has improved the security of our open channel method. The researchers used Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) measurements. The findings are significantly better than prior techniques. The stego-image is constructed in this technique utilizing Hash-LSB and RSA encryption to strengthen the security of concealed data. The PSNR difference between images was 76.54, while the MSE was 0.0027. The proposed approach was compared to the RSA and LSB techniques, which produced better MSE and PSNR values for stego pictures.

This study aims at examining relationship of organizational culture and knowledge management with innovation of employees in offices of sports and the youth in Lorestan (a city of Iran). In this descriptive, correlational study, the population consisted of 100 organizational members in offices of sports and the youth in Lorestan in 2014. By using personal information questionnaire and three surveys including Organizational Culture Survey (Denison, 2000), Knowledge Management Survey (Lawson, 2003), and Innovation Evaluation Survey (Soltani, 2007), we gathered our data. Data analysis was done by Pearson\'s correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression(P≥ 0.05). Our findings demonstrated a significantly positive relationship between organizational culture (r=0.696), its components including involvement (r=0.700), consistency (r=0.638), adaptability (r=0.707), and mission (r=0.624) and innovation among employees of offices of sports and the youth in Lorestan. Additionally, knowledge management (r=0.471) and its components i.e. knowledge creation (r=0.286), knowledge absorption (r=0.392), knowledge organization (r=303), knowledge conservation (r=0.438), knowledge distribution (r=0.481), and knowledge application (r=0.511) were significantly and positively correlated with innovation ofthese employees.

Baghdad transportation authority had required the development of a Geographic Information System - based public transport network, which will spatially and temporally track and compare the travel potential for the proposed underground metro transportation system. The numbers of passengers using the present public transportation system from each bus terminal and for each route to various destinations have been recorded. The passenger supply points have been indicated by latitude and longitude that define the bus stop and the proposed subway route stop using GPS. A passenger counting data were collected concerning the present use of public transport. a line indicates travel from one area to another and a grid was constructed.\nThe present bus routes were identified and the major public transportation terminals which represent the passenger trip origin- destination nodes were detected using GPS. Data were assigned on a digital map; A general corridor is made up of a collection of routes, pattern and segments. The pattern is a spatial representation of the exact space traversed for a given trip; it is made of a numerous segments. Analysis of different corridors has been conducted and five major corridors have been detected. The collected trip direction and potentials were fed to the constructed database in the GIS environment. Data were visualized in the GIS on the digital map of Baghdad. The best routes for the subway, using different corridors, were optimized and aligned using the GIS software and network optimization model, then improved with the aid of land use data, and compared to the old proposed alignment of the subway. The study evaluates the proposed routes and access points to the subway, the length of each route has been detected through GIS system and the estimated travel time on each route was presented.

Due to presence of Khazar and north Alborz faults, Mazandaran province is an earthquake- prone area in the northern part of Iran. In this study more than 14,000 earthquakes during in 1964-2011, with variables such as abundance, time, location, magnitude and depth of the quakes, has been studied which have been recorded in Mazandaran Province seismic centre, Geophysics Institute of Tehran University and International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology. The province map is divided into 18 city zones, each with an area of 50 square kilometers. The data were analyzed using statistical indicators by SPSS. The results have indicated that on average every day an earthquake occurs in the province approximately, so that it has been reported the magnitude of these quakes have been 35.6 % in the most seismic regions in southern zones of the province(Savadkooh and Rineh city zones). Western parts of the province - Ramsar – compared to the other areas are subject to more severe earthquakes. Observations show that over 84% of earthquakes have occurred in less than 20 km beneath the earth’s surface, which reflects the shallow depth of these earthquakes and the enhancement of their effects.