By evaluating the generalist indexes of 2,683 CEOs from 1,954 listed firms in the Chinese A-share market from 2015 to 2019, this study used regressions and two-stage least squares regression to investigate how competitive generalist CEOs are in China. Generalist CEOs are more competitive than specialist CEOs in the majority of sectors, particularly in the construction, retail, and wholesale sectors. This study also showed that generalists receive more compensation. Moreover, senior generalist CEOs are more competitive than young CEOs, and male managers receive more compensation than females. Meanwhile, this research uncovered a significant relationship between generalist CEOs and their income in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) but not in non-SOEs. These findings help us to understand CEO compensation spillovers in the Chinese employment market.
Knowledge and organizational knowledge are considered as a permanent asset and wealth on modern works. This is especially emphasized in organizations and modern organizations which are considered as virtual organizations in virtual spaces. One of the issuable subjects in cooperation networks and inter organizational coworkers is about virtual space. Integrating knowledge capability for coacting with virtual organization members is one of the important challenges in virtual organizations. So, incapability of organizations in using common knowledge can cause derangement in performing current process at that organization and finally it cause the aims of organizations to be inaccessible. In this paper we represented an efficient model based on ontology for sharing knowledge between virtual organizations. The purpose and function of the model are creating semantic coordination between organizational partners in virtual organization and detecting potential partners according to meaning despondency between partners’ demands and their acceptability. This issue is considered one of the most important dimensions of knowledge management in all of the organizations especially in virtual organizations.
The aim of this paper is to study the global stability and associated delay differential equation of the nonlinear transport equation (1).Applying suitable local stability we present new criteria for asymptotically stable behaviors of nonlinear transport solutions of (1). The results obtained basically improve and complement previous ones.
In this article based on case study in Tondar 90 assembly shop in Iran khodro company, with the use of\n \"Stop -Watch\" method, the cycle time of every conveyance operation to each workstation of the assembly lines is measured then the standard time of every conveyance cycle, the ideal rate of conveyance, the velocity of conveyance in each minute, are calculated. Then, with the use of linear programming technique, decrease the total expected cost of conveyance. In the next stage, by using the Hungarian allocation technique, for each line of assembly shop, lifter and the operator was allocated and in the next stage with the use of distinction criterion ranking technique, the optimum mix of lifters related to the type of identified application in the whole shop, determined. Finally with the use of ‘technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution’ (TOPSIS), the best conveyance operator, technically the best performance of conveyance as for specified indexes, is characterized.
The general Purpose of this research, is a comparation of the safety - health status private and public bodybuilding clubs of Isfahan city from the customer s\' viewpoint. The statistical population, studied in this research is public and private bodybuilding club man customers of Isfahan. The history of their activities, from one month to one year is over. Volume of research in the statistical population private bodybuilding clubs Certain over 86 clubs and in public bodybuilding clubs over 20 clubs. Statistical sample 400 customers, who were selected by simple random. The data collection tool was a questionnaire using Cronbach\'s alpha reliability 0.944 were determined. Significance level of 0.05 was considered. Data analysis for two independent samples t-test (private and public clubs) was. Study Results showed significant differences is in safety- health status public and private bodybuilding clubs equipment (p>0.043. Also significant differences is in safety- health status public and private bodybuilding clubs users (p>0.001). but significant differences did not observe in Safety - health locker room (p< 0.441), Side of safety facilities ( p < 0.998), Safety and hygiene cleaning services (p< 0.063) and safety - health the main environment of activity (p< 0.110) in the private and public body building clubs.
Today, a workforce of tens of millions is working in Islamic Republic of Iran in different sectors of public, industry and trade to fulfill their duties and responsibilities. Obviously, it cannot be claimed that all these people innately hold the knowledge, skills and type of behaviors required to do their occupational responsibilities. Thus, they need training to improve the quality and quantity of their jobs. Today, human resource training is highly effective on productivity improvement. Therefore, this research intends to study the effects of different human resource training methods on the improvement of productivity in Bank Mellat, across Tehran province. It is a descriptive and correlational research and the data were collected through a researcher-made survey from 184 employees of Bank Mellat. Data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling using Lisrel software. Results show that all the dimensions of training affect the productivity of employees.
The performance of Agriculture is important as the sector not only contributes to overall growth of the economy but also provides employment and food security to majority of the population in the country. Farming systems research has set itself the ambitious goal of developing technologies that are widely adopted by resource poor farmers. Through this paper we are focusing on the enhancement of agricultural by providing instant and efficient solution for the problems of farming –diseases generated in plants, fisheries, poultry, It involves the application of innovative ways to use Information and Communication Technologies in the rural domain to diagnose diseases of plants, fisheries, and poultry. The GDDES (Global Diseases Diagnose Expert System) aim to improve diagnosis of plant; fisheries, poultry health problems; provide regular and reliable advice on control; and strengthen community-based plant, Fishery, poultry and disease surveillance thorough Information and communication technology.
The paper presents two approaches in assessing the business continuity management attitudes in the organizational context. The first approach is based on an empirical research that was conducted among companies in Bosnia-Herzegovina by using descriptive analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. The second approach - case study with the key people involved in the BCM processes in Croatia. The research has shown that there is a statistically significant difference in terms of attitudes of respondents regarding business continuity depending of ownership structure of the companies, i.e. that the companies with foreign equity show higher level of application of the business continuity management concept that those that are strictly domestically owned. In addition, there is a statistically significant difference in respondents’ attitudes depending of the sector, i.e. the higher level of coherence and application of the business continuity management concept is seen in the financial than in other sectors. Business continuity plan (BCP) and disaster recovery plan (DRP) were only IT governance areas that were last implemented in business practice. The reason for that may be found in the fact that BCP and DRP are very expensive to implement especially for small companies. Finally, comparative analysis of answers from the financial and from other sectors led us to a conclusion that the financial sector is in all of BCM segments more coherent than other sectors.