The effects of magnetohydrodynamic, thermal radiation and heat generation on entropy generation of a Jeffrey fluid through a non-Darcian porous medium are used to similarity transformation into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The governing equations of continuity, momentum and energy equations are solved numerically and the velocity, the temperature and the entropy generation number profiles are obtained for various values of parameters of the problem. The expressions of the entropy generation are presented and results are discussed numerically, graphically and quantitatively for the ratio of relaxation to retardation times, magnetic field parameter, porous medium parameter, non-Darcy parameter, thermal radiation parameter, heat generation/absorption parameter, Brinkman number parameter and Deborah number parameter, etc. Also, the influence of the pertinent parameters on the local skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are discussed and tabulated.

There are mainly two methods of deep drawing analysis; experimental and analytical/numerical. Experimental analysis can be useful in analyzing the process to determine the process parameters that produce a defect free product, and the analytical/numerical modeling can be used to model and analyze the process through all stages of deformation. This approach is less time consuming and more economical. Sheet metal forming often includes biaxial in-plane deformation with non-proportional strain paths. In deep drawing of cylindrical cup, the deformation in the flange in dominated by pure shear deformation, while it changes to plane strain when the material is drawn into the die. This paper deals with the analysis of deep drawing of circular blanks into axi-symmetric cylindrical cup using numerical modeling. The blank drawability has been related both theoretically and experimentally with the initial diameter of the blank and deep drawing parameters. The strains in the radial and circumferential directions have been measured. A correlation on the flange thickness variation by taking into account the work hardening with the analytical and experimental values also has been searched

L’objectif de ce travail est l’étude de la relation flore-sol au niveau des périmètres agricoles abandonnés dans la région de Ouargla, sachant que ces périmètres agricoles ont été installé sur des aires de parcours, ces derniers sont caractérisées par une richesse floristique importante où cette flore naturelle contribue directement dans l’alimentation des animaux de pâturage notamment le dromadaire.Après exploitation de ces espaces naturels par une activité agricole, une situation d’abandon de ces périmètres est constatée.La perturbation de ces milieux naturels influe directement sur la qualité de la flore qui apparait après l’abandon. Dans ce sens notre travail de recherche vise l’évaluation de l’impact de l’anthropisation sur ces milieux naturels et particulièrement sur la flore.

In this paper, we present a class of approximating matrices as a function of a scalar parameter that\nincludes the DFP and BFGS methods as special cases. A powerful iterative descent method for finding\na local minimum of a function of several variables is described. The new method maintains the positive\ndefiniteness of the approximating matrices. For a region in which the function depends quadratically\non the variables, no more than n iterations are required, where n is the number of variables. A set of\ncomputational results verifies the superiority of the new method.

This paper proposes a new relevance feedback approach to collaborative information retrieval based on a confidence\'s network, which performs propagation relevance between annotations terms. The main contribution of our approach is to extract relevant terms to reformulate the initial user query considering the annotations as an information source. The proposed model introduces the concept of necessity that allows determining the terms that have strong association relationships. We estimated the association relationship to a measure of a confidence. Another contribution consists on determining the relevant annotations for a given evidence source. Although these are close to the user, but can distort the meaning of the document since they can be introduced by non-specialists. Since the user is over whelmed by a variety of contradictory annotations on even one which are far from the original subject, our model proceed filtering these annotations to determine the relevant one and then it classify them by grouping those related semantically. The experimental study conducted on different queries gives promoters results. They show very encouraging results that could reach an improvement rate.

Introduction: The ACTN3 gene encodes alpha-actinin-3 protein present in fast-twitch myofibrils and appears in two alleles, R and X. Studies in mice have shown that the R allele and RR genotype are associated with more rapid muscle contractions and more power. Objective: To determine the participation of the ACTN3 genotype in physical abilities: aerobic power; anaerobic power; muscle strength; and body composition. Method: We conducted a systematic review of studies published between 2004 and 2014 in the following databases: Cambridge; EBSCO; JSTOR; Ovid; Science; ScienceDirect; Springer; and Scopus. The keywords used were: ACTN3; alpha-actinin-3; physical exercise; athlete; and performance. All these words were found either separately or combined. The inclusion criteria included original articles written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Exclusion criteria included: repeated articles; articles that did not provide results on physical abilities; and studies in animals. Results: We found 3,483 original articles and 30 of them met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Conclusion: Due to inconsistency in the results reported, it is still not possible to determine the influence of ACTN3 genotype on physical abilities. The heterogeneity of the methodology used and the diversity in the studied populations made the task difficult. Furthermore, there is a probable joint participation of other genes, such as ACE, PPAR-delta and PPAR-alpha.

Augmented Reality (AR) is perceived as the technology of the future. AR has become one of the best known buzzwords associated with user interface of future shown in Ironman, Avatar, Minority report movies etc. AR has become so important and its importance is visible through the act of IT giants investing a lot of money of AR related products. Microsoft has already started working on AR with HoloLens and so is other giants. Google glass has opened doors for many innovative applications in the field of AR. Three students and a professor from Amrita University, India [6] have built AR Headset named GetVu and it supports so many applications through gesture. World talks about AR and we have done innovative attempt to blend AR and Cloud. AR has got lot of limitations. In order to outweigh such limitations we are going to use cloud which is a type of outsourcing.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), also on the rise, encompass a major portion of non-communicable disease. CVD is the foremost cause of death and disability in an assortment of places in the world and a crucial cause of acute hospital bed days and physician visits. Cardiac rhythm analysis may be consummate informally via cardiac monitoring and more diagnostically electrocardiogram (ECG). The electrocardiogram is considered to be the backbone of cardiology. Normally, ECG signal can be compute from the heart rate frequency. Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing aims principally at artifact diminution to make the ECG signals clear and better interpretable by person or device observers. It aims at enhancing ECG based diagnostics. One of the main problems in biomedical data processing like electrocardiography is the separation of the obligatory signal from noises caused by power line interference, electromyogram and other high frequency noises. The main problem of digitalized signal is meddling with other noisy signals like power supply network 50 Hz frequency and breathing muscle artifacts. These noisy rudiments have to be removed before the signal is used for next data processing like heart rate frequency revealing. The proposed work is focusing mainly on taming ECG signal and to remove the turbulence caused by EMG signal using the Independent Component Analysis (ICA) technique. ICA is a numerical signal processing method for decaying a set of signals into a set of communally independent component signals as same as the original source signals without any loss of information. Calculations have been performed using Fast ICA Algorithm by considering the elapsed time. Finally the detached ECG is used for the applications in Patient monitoring system.

Today the inhabitants of the Commune 7 \"Ciudadela Real de Minas\" were affected by a gradual increase in temperature, which is reflected through the years. There have been several studies about the existence of islands of heat or inside the cities, due to the change of land use, green replacement for asphalt and concrete areas because of the urban transformation of the region, among other many causes. This research was conducted to identify whether the urban heat island (UHI) exists in the commune, the average temperature, maximum and minimum for the years 2002 to 2014 and urban development was evaluated, proving the existence of an urban heat island (UHI), establishing a temperature rise in all scenarios, both minimum, average and maximum in 2014 with respect to temperature in 2002, for example the minimum temperature has increased 0.8 ° C; the fact that a larger area intervened evidenced higher temperature as per 2360 m² area built on increasing the citadel temperature increases 0.1 ° C, making this a strong environmental problems.

Considered one of the most studied and debated topics today, global climate change may result in significant impacts on viticulture. The projected increase in global temperature in growing regions indicate that in the next 50 years there will be intensification of adverse weather along the production of grapes and wine. It also infers that the expected warming could well have a beneficial effect with the opening of new areas suitable for viticulture, and negative impacts requiring the suitability of cultivars that produce quality wines. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different climate scenarios on the production potential of the “Circuito das Frutas” region, São Paulo, Brazil. In the preparation of future maps used the System MCC Geoviticulture calculated based on climate projections obtained from the Climate Research Unit for B1 emission scenarios (optimistic) and A2 (pessimistic), available for the 4th IPCC report, for the periods 2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2100. Considering the viticultural climate future for the region, it was observed, in general, for the harvest of summer a decrease in areas with hot spiced wine climate, with warm and humid nights (IH+1; IF-1; IS-2) and increase in areas considered hot, hot and humid nights (IH+2; IF-2, IS-2). For the 2071-2100 scenario there was an increase to 88% of areas considered hot, hot and humid nights (IH+3; IF-2, IS-2), compared climatological normal. In the winter crop, the results for 2071-2100, showed that most of the study area 70% (scenario B1) presented the IH+2 climate; IF+1; IS-2 (hot weather, with cold and wet nights). For the A2 scenario, the central part and the whole western area of the circuit (43% of the area) had the IH + 3 climate; IF-1; IS-2 (very hot climate, with temperate and humid nights). For the “Circuito das Frutas” region is expected a significant warming trend for the next decades, leading to a possible change in agro-climatic zones.

An investigation into the concentrations of heavy metals in vegetable (amaranthus viridis) was conducted along two major highways with high traffic densities in Ado-Ekiti. Samples of vegetable leaf and soil were collected from three sites along two major highways and also from another site with no traffic densities serving as reference. The samples were collected at distances of 10 and 30m from the roadside and analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in vegetable leaf (mg/kg) were found to be 0.10 to 0.35, 1.08 to 1.40, 0.02 to 0.66, 1.06 to 1.47 and 0.60 to 2.01 while concentrations in soil ranged from 0.01 to 0.04, 0.11 to 0.23, 0.13 to 0.21, 0.11 to 0.21 and 0.39 to 0.56 respectively. The trend of heavy metal deposition showed decrease in concentration with increase in distance from the highway. Higher values of metals were recorded in the vegetable leaf and soil samples at distance of 10m from the highway than that of 30m away but, in all cases, were found to be lowest at the reference site. The values of the metals in the roadside vegetable leaf were above the limit proposed by WHO/FAO (2001) and EU (1986) except Cu and Zn while that of roadside soil were found below the normal limit. These findings indicated that the major source of contamination in the amaranthus leaf may be attributed to aerial deposition of the metal particulates from vehicular emission on the highways.

The main objective of the article is to provide the novel and efficient methodology of digital image steganography which describes uniqueness about secret transmission using the adaptive circular queue least significant bits substitution. The data structure queue concept used in resource sharing dynamically between multiple communication parties and when secret data transferred asynchronously. We have used RSA cryptosystem for secret data confidentiality and authentication. Since it is computationally secure against a chosen plaintext, timing attacks and shows difficulty of large integer factoring as well as breaking RSA encryption. The outcome of the cryptosystem organized in various blocks. In steganography process, organize the cover image into various circular queues blocks and dynamically adapted procedure assign secret cipher blocks to circular queues for embedding. RSA decryption is used by receiver to get plaintext corresponding to cipher text; authorized receiver can identify the correct plain text using private key. Performance analysis is evaluated by MSE, PSNR and maximum embedding capacity.

The school course of Geometry has always been and remains one of the problem "points" of methods of teaching Mathematics. The main objective of Geometry is the development of spatial relationships of geometric shapes and dimensions. The students make sure that some theoretical principles, being studied by them are a reflection of the realities of life and find reflection in the practical activity of people. However, most school knowledge on Geometry is not in demand in the practical activity of people. The article views the application of technology mind- management at Geometry lessons in a secondary school as one of the most effective technologies to organize the students’ activity. The results of the experiment showed that the experimental class a much higher level of knowledge than the control class. That is, the use of the connecting branches helps the student’s brain to structure the information maximally and create a holistic image that enhances the memory effect of the material studied. Thus, this conclusion confirms our hypothesis on the effectiveness of using mind mapping

Wind energy is a feasible option to counterpart other environmental friendly generation. Earlier, the majority of wind turbines were operated at constant speed. Recently, the requirement of variable-speed wind turbines installed in wind farms has increased. In this paper, the operation of wind energy conversion system is introduced by modeling of constant torque control schemes. Various controllers such as, Proportional-Integral, Fuzzy logic and Artificial neural network are proposed to control the blade pitch angle and tip speed ratio of the wind turbine. A simulation model is developed in MATLAB/Simulink GUI environment for the direct driven permanent magnet synchronous generator based wind energy conversion system assisted with the designed constant torque control schemes. The system performance is tested under different operating condition of wind speed for each controller assisted wind energy conversion system and found satisfactory. Furthermore, three control schemes are proposed and a comparative study is made in terms of controller response and control parameters.

The effect of high intensity of UV-B radiation (7.5Wm-2) on the change of the total concentration of chlorophyll Chl and energy that a plant can stored during the process of photosynthesis  was observed during 19 days at five maize lines. The following results were obtained: a) present studies have demonstrated that there is a significant variation between different maize lines regarding the plant response to UV-B radiation, b) the results of this study demonstrate clear difference between the lines regarding the response to UV-B radiation, c) variations in the relative composition of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll) may be taken as an indicative element for perturbations in the photosynthetic apparatus, d) regardless of what may be the cause of the change of the plant’s ability to deposit a part of absorbed energy during the process of photosynthesis Δε or total concentration of chlorophyll, it has been shown that two out of five investigated maize lines show great resistance to UV-B radiation, and at last e) Δε can either decrease or increase depending on UV characteristics and a plant species.

hpv infection

Background and aim: Decreasing levels of estrogen are associated with an increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in postmenopausal women. Our previous studies with ovariectomized rats, a model for postmenopausal women, have shown that young coconut juice (YCJ) at a high daily dose of 100 mL/kg body weight helped prevented AD pathologies. However, the large dose of YCJ had unfavourable side effects, such as deposition of glycogen in the liver. Our aim was to investigate the optimal dose for the neuroprotective effects of YCJ that would cause the least side effects for long life consumption by postmenopausal women. We also investigated whether the neuroprotective effects acted via the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR1) neurotransmitters. Materials and methods: Seven groups of female rats were included in this study. These included baseline (BL), sham-operated (SW), ovariectomized (OW), ovariectomized receiving estradiol benzoate (OB), ovariectomized receiving YCJ 10 mL/kgBW/d (OY10), ovariectomized receiving YCJ 20 mL/kgBW/d (OY20), and ovariectomized receiving YCJ 40 mL/kgBW/d (OY40). A vaginal smear was performed daily to primarily evaluate the estrogenic effects of YCJ, as indicated by the estrus cycle changes. At the end of the tenth-week, the rats were sacrificed, and their serum 17β-estradiol (E2) levels were measured by a chemiluminescent immunoassay. The brains were removed, fixed, and paraffin embedded, and immunostained for ChAT, NMDAR1, estrogen receptor α (ER-α), and estrogen receptor β (ER-β). Immunoreactive neurons for ChAT, NMDAR1, ER-α, and ER-β were counted in the hippocampus (HP) (CA1, CA2, and CA3), and prefrontal cortex (PC) brain regions. Results: Rats receiving YCJ at a dose of 10 mL/kgBW/d had the least side effects in their liver and kidney. The OY10 and OY20 groups demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) higher vaginal scores, as compared to the OW group, and showed proestrus and estrus stages continuously throughout the ten week period. A significant (p<0.05) increase was observed in the ChAT, NMDAR1, ERα, and ERβ-ir pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus (HP) (CA1, CA2), and prefrontal cortex (PF) brain regions following administration of YCJ. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was observed among ChAT, NMDAR1, ERα, and ERβ. Conclusion: This study showed that YCJ can be administered at a safe dose, and it exerts a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) activity leading to prevention of neuronal loss in the HP and PF brain regions resulting from estrogen deficiency.

Water treatment by aluminum sulphate is the most used process in water purification water to remove unwanted microorganisms. The inorganic coagulants are partially hydrolyzed salts. Their dissolution in water depends mainly on the pH thereof. However, there are still residues after dissolving aluminum. The determination of residual aluminum in the treated water is determined by the metered addition method. The treated water the from the treatment plant contained 210 g / L residual aluminum for an average dose of 40mg / L of aluminum sulphate. The residual aluminum in treated water exceeds WHO standards (200μg / L), and far from the recommended standards of 100 g / L in all searches.\nWe made trials with laboratory flocculators under the same conditions that station. The residual aluminum obtained by the same metered addition method, is 182 mg / L, 13.33% less than the WHO standards.\none another trial is carried out with a dose of 40 mg / L alum, as adjuvant we used a bentonite from M\'Zila (Algeria) with a dose of 3mg / L. This test has helped reduce the amount of residual aluminum in raw water 20.48%, lower than the recommended standards\n In order to investigate the causes of this excess, we made trials with laboratory flocculators under the same conditions that station. The residual aluminum obtained by the same metered addition method, is 182 mg / L, 13.33% less than the WHO standards.\nThe dry residues were characterized by analysis by scanning electron microscope and EDX (MEB-EDX) for show the different spectra of the aluminum in the dry residue. The crude bentonite is characterized by the elemental chemical method using X-ray fluorescence.

The purpose of this study is to identify overall learning motivation of primary school students. 297 female and 287 male, a total of 584 students attending to 2nd-8th grades in primary schools in Isparta, Turkey participated in this research study. The Motivation Level Detection Scale, developed by Lepper et al. (2004) and adapted to Turkish by Özkip (2009), was administered to determine overall learning motivation of the participants. The data obtained from this study were analysed in SPSS 15.0 for Windows Package program. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis T tests were used to compare the mean scores with respect to variables. As a result of data analysis; it was observed that intrinsic and extrinsic learning motivation levels of primary school students did not differ statistically significant in terms of gender, educational status of their parents and their academic achievement (p > 0.05). It was identified that students’ intrinsic learning motivation levels did not vary by their grade levels (p > 0.05) while their extrinsic learning motivation levels differed significantly (p < 0.05). According to the findings obtained, 3rd grade students had the lowest extrinsic motivation level, but extrinsic motivation levels of 5th and 8th grade students were significantly higher than those of 7th grade students (p < 0.05).

The present article is devoted to the analysis of the specificity of the fashion goods from the\npoint of view of their innovation component. It is discussed the characteristics of fashion goods,\ntypes of customers from the standpoint of their the relationship to fashion goods, and also analyzes\nthe strategies of branding and promotion of fashion products in the market. The research methods\nin this article are based on theoretical and practical sources content analysis fashion market in\nemerging markets. The example of Benetton industry provides the strong evidence innovativeness\nfashion products.\nImportant factor for the fashion business is a strict time frame in which fashion exist,\nnamely, its transience and constant change. The variability of fashion images from season to\nseason leads to the fact that any effort to promote new forms should be initiated to address in\nadvance, for a given global fashion calendar, with a constant postulates of the cultural, color,\nstructural and technological trends.\nA key component of the price of the fashion product is determined by the degree of its\ntrademark innovativeness and has a cyclical nature. The movement of this component almost\nrepeats the shape of the product life cycle curve, where the maximum prices fall at a time of rapid\ngrowth, and the minimum value, as a rule, coincide with the last weeks of the season Sharp\ndeclines in house designer try to avoid clearly defining the number of products produced \"to order\"\nor by using the effect of international offsets item by phases of the curve of its life cycle,\ntranslating fashion goods on less advanced markets less than average income.

The performance of an experimental zero water exchange recirculating system, based on the native oyster Crassostrea corteziensis and the macroalgae Ulva clathrata, to bioremediate shrimp aquaculture effluents, was evaluated in a three-week trial. The system consisted of three phases, one corresponding to the shrimp culture unit; one more to the oyster culture unit and the last one, to the macroalgae unit. Water from the first phase flowed to the second and third, and then returned to the first. The concentration of nitrogenous compounds and suspended solids was quantified after each phase though the time of the trial. The removal of nitrogenous compounds in the system was enough to keep acceptable water quality conditions for shrimp culture, mostly for TAN and N-NO2, but not for N-NO3, although there were not significant differences (P<0.05) between the system and control. In the mass balance, the amount of N present in the control treatment reached 32.59% by accumulation of N from the pelleted feed and dead organisms; while in the integrated system represented only 8.97%. The N recovered as shrimp biomass at the end of the experiment in the control represented only 25.12% as result of the high mortality rate registered, while the experimental system reached 29.02% and if oyster and macroalgae biomass are included, a contribution of 36.16% was reached. The removal efficiency for suspended solids was around 50 % at the end of the trial. Significant differences (P=0.019) among the system and control, related to TSS, VSS and ISS were founded. The shrimp production responses, were similar or better than those reported by other authors in commercial farms, i.e., weight gain >1.5 g week-1; survival > 88 %) as well as those of oyster, i.e., weight gain > 3 g; survival > 60%. The macroalgal biomass decreased over the time of the experiment, mainly due to abrupt variations in temperature and salinity. It may be concluded that even though the efficiency of the system thus designed had a positive effect in growth and survival of cultured organisms, some adjustments may be implemented to improve its performance.